Words & Language
Izaafat (اضافت)
Word–e–word. Izaafat is the grammatical link that joins words with a little -e- sound in Persian and Persian-influenced Urdu. The words on either side supply the meaning; the -e- connects them.
Jaan-e-man (جانِ من): “my dear,” literally “life of mine.” The -e- is the bridge between jaan and man.
Zariya-e-ma‘āsh (ذریعۂ معاش): a means of earning a living, or a source of income. The -e- links zariya (“means”) and ma‘āsh (“livelihood”).
Qafas-e-‘unsurī (قَفَسِ عُنْصُری): literally “cage of elements”—a poetic name for the human body. The -e- joins qafas (“cage”) and ‘unsurī (“elemental”). Rekhta Dictionary ↗
In a kahani about a Jewish bride, she is said to take parwaaz—flight—from her qafas-e-‘unsurī: to leave her body.
You may also hear word–o–word in Urdu expressions. That -o- is called vaav-e-atf: it joins words in the sense of “and.”